Caring for a pregnant mare is a rewarding but important responsibility.
Understanding her needs throughout the pregnancy can help ensure the health of both the mare and her foal. In this blog, we’ll explore essential tips for taking care of a pregnant mare, covering nutrition, exercise, veterinary care, and preparing for foaling.
Understanding the Stages of Pregnancy
Horse gestation typically lasts around 11 months, approximately 330 days. It’s divided into three stages:
- First Trimester (Days 1-90): During this time, the embryo implants in the uterus. The mare may not show visible signs of pregnancy, but subtle changes in behavior or appetite may occur.
- Second Trimester (Days 90-210): The foal starts to develop, and you’ll notice your mare’s belly beginning to grow. This is when nutritional needs increase significantly.
- Third Trimester (Days 210-330): The foal will grow rapidly, and the mare’s body will undergo noticeable changes. It’s crucial to monitor her closely during this stage.
Nutrition for a Pregnant Mare
Proper nutrition is vital for the health of the mare and her developing foal. Here are some key nutritional tips:
- Balanced Diet: Provide a high-quality diet that includes good-quality hay and grains. Pregnant mares need increased protein, energy, vitamins, and minerals, especially in the last trimester.
- Supplements: Consult with your veterinarian about supplements that may be beneficial. These can include minerals like calcium and phosphorus, which are crucial for the foal’s bone development.
- Frequent Feeding: Instead of two large meals, consider feeding smaller, more frequent meals. This approach can help prevent digestive issues and keep your mare comfortable.
- Hydration: Ensure your mare has access to fresh, clean water at all times. Proper hydration is essential for her overall health.
Exercise and Movement
While rest is important for a pregnant mare, regular exercise is equally essential. Here’s how to manage her activity:
- Moderate Exercise: Encourage light to moderate exercise throughout the pregnancy. Daily turnout in a safe, spacious area allows her to move naturally and maintain muscle tone.
- Avoid Strenuous Activities: As the pregnancy progresses, avoid intense workouts or strenuous activities that could cause injury or stress.
- Monitor Behavior: Pay attention to your mare’s behavior during exercise. If she seems overly tired or distressed, adjust her routine accordingly.
Veterinary Care
Regular veterinary check-ups are crucial during your mare’s pregnancy. Here’s what to keep in mind:
- Initial Exam: Schedule a veterinary examination as soon as you suspect your mare is pregnant. Your vet can confirm the pregnancy through ultrasound or blood tests.
- Regular Check-ups: Continue with routine veterinary visits throughout the pregnancy to monitor the mare’s health and the foal’s development.
- Vaccinations and Deworming: Work with your vet to ensure your mare is up-to-date on vaccinations and deworming. This is vital for protecting both her and the foal from potential diseases.
Preparing for Foaling
As your mare approaches her due date, preparation is key. Here are some tips to get ready for the big day:
- Create a Safe Space: Prepare a clean, quiet stall with plenty of bedding for your mare to give birth. This space should be free from hazards and provide comfort.
- Gather Supplies: Have essential supplies on hand, including clean towels, a flashlight, and any necessary veterinary contacts. This preparation will help you handle any unexpected situations during foaling.
- Monitor Closely: As the due date approaches, keep a close watch on your mare. Look for signs of labor, such as restlessness, frequent lying down, or changes in behavior.
Signs of Labor
Recognizing the signs of labor can help you be prepared when the time comes. Here are common indicators:
- Restlessness: The mare may become agitated or nervous, pacing or frequently changing positions.
- Nesting Behavior: She may start to paw at the ground or create a comfortable space in her stall.
- Physical Changes: Look for changes in her teats, such as swelling or the presence of milk, which indicates that labor is imminent.
After Foaling Care
Once the foal is born, the care continues. Here’s what to do:
- Monitor the Mare and Foal: Keep an eye on both the mare and her new foal. Ensure the foal stands and nurses within the first few hours, as this is crucial for its health.
- Check the Placenta: After foaling, make sure the mare passes the placenta completely. Retained placenta can lead to serious health issues.
- Veterinary Care: Schedule a veterinary check-up for both the mare and foal within the first few days after birth to ensure they are healthy.
