There are many reasons why a horse might slobber, and they can range from simple and harmless to more serious concerns.
Common Causes of Slobbers
- Normal Salivation During Eating: Horses naturally produce saliva when they are chewing food. If the horse is eating something particularly tasty or fibrous, they may salivate more than usual. This is perfectly normal and nothing to worry about.
- Fresh Grass or Clover: During the spring and summer, horses may slobber more after grazing on fresh grass, especially if it contains a lot of clover. Clover, particularly red clover, can sometimes cause excessive salivation in horses due to a natural substance it contains called phytoestrogens.
- Dental Issues: Horses’ teeth can sometimes cause slobbering if they are causing pain or discomfort. Broken or sharp teeth, overgrown teeth, or infected gums can result in excess salivation. Horses may drool more as a way to deal with the pain or irritation in their mouth.
- Colic or Gastrointestinal Problems: If a horse is suffering from colic, which refers to abdominal pain, slobbering can be a symptom. Colic can cause nausea and digestive discomfort, leading to excessive drooling. This is a more serious condition and should be addressed immediately by a veterinarian.
- Tetanus: Tetanus is a serious bacterial infection that can cause symptoms such as excessive drooling, difficulty swallowing, muscle stiffness, and a “lockjaw” appearance. If you notice slobbering accompanied by these other signs, you should seek veterinary help right away.
- Poisoning: Some plants and chemicals can be toxic to horses, and one symptom of poisoning is often excessive salivation. If you suspect your horse has ingested something harmful, contact your vet immediately for treatment.
- Foal Slobbering: Young foals may slobber more than adult horses, especially when they are learning how to eat solid food or nursing. This is generally normal and not a cause for concern unless it is accompanied by other symptoms.
How to Treat Slobbering in Horses
In most cases, slobbering in horses is not a serious problem and can be managed without much intervention. However, it is important to know when to take action:
- Ensure Proper Diet and Management: Make sure your horse’s diet includes the right balance of hay, grass, and other foods. Avoid feeding them excessive amounts of fresh clover or grasses that may trigger salivation.
- Regular Dental Care: Regular dental check-ups are essential to prevent and treat any dental problems that may be causing slobbering. A veterinarian or equine dentist can perform routine dental exams to make sure your horse’s teeth are healthy and free of sharp edges or infection.
- Monitor for Illness: Keep an eye out for signs of colic, tetanus, or poisoning. If your horse’s slobbering is accompanied by other signs such as changes in behavior, loss of appetite, or discomfort, it’s important to consult a veterinarian.
- Avoid Toxic Plants: If you suspect your horse may have eaten a toxic plant, check your pasture and stabling area for harmful vegetation. Remove any plants that may pose a danger to your horse, such as certain types of mushrooms, nightshades, and some ornamental flowers.
When to Seek Veterinary Help
While slobbering is usually not a cause for alarm, there are certain situations where you should contact a vet:
- If the slobbering is excessive and persistent.
- If your horse is showing other signs of illness, such as loss of appetite, lethargy, or colic symptoms.
- If you suspect your horse has ingested something toxic or is suffering from a serious infection like tetanus.
A veterinarian can perform an examination, take samples if necessary, and provide a diagnosis to determine the best course of treatment.
Slobbering in horses is a common behavior that can have many causes. While it is often harmless, it can sometimes indicate a more serious health issue. By understanding the potential causes and keeping an eye on your horse’s overall health, you can ensure that your horse stays happy and healthy. Regular veterinary care, a balanced diet, and proper management are key to keeping your horse in good condition and preventing slobbering from becoming a concern.